First thing's first - this isn't the same issue that I've seen both here and on Intel's site, where people experience packet loss. In my case, the adapter in Device Manager actually fails to start entirely, throwing "The device cannot start. Operation failed." errors in the event log. Disabling and re-enabling the NIC doesn't resolve it, nor does uninstalling the NIC (and killing the drivers). I can also confirm that I have the v3 of this chip, which is apparently unaffected by that other issue.
The only temporary resolution that I have found is to actually uninstall the NIC and drivers, shut down the box, kill the power to the PSU for 10 seconds, turn it back on, and reinstall the NIC. It doesn't matter which driver I use, either - straight from ASUS, or Intel's site, the problem persists. It's also random. I built this box last week, and have had to perform this procedure twice now, where I'm good for a few days and then it's back.
Anyone else experiencing this oddball issue? The workaround has been consistent, but I'd prefer to not have to actually continue doing this.