Native just means that it is your monitor's default mode. If the monitor supports 144hz and you can output the resolution you want then you're fine. It will be obvious whether any scaling is occurring because things will be slightly fuzzy rather than crisp.
As to what HDMI supports, that varies by HDMI version. Also, higher resolution means lower refresh as it's based on total bandwidth. More info in the wiki:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDMI
A bus station is where a bus stops. A train station is where a train stops. On my desk, I have a work station…